Bhulekh Explained: The Complete Guide to Checking Land Records Online
Whether you are buying or selling land, applying for a loan, or simply want to see the record of your own farm, the first thing you need is Bhulekh. This guide explains in plain language what Bhulekh is, what information it contains, how to check it online and what to do if you find a mistake.
What is Bhulekh?
“Bhu” means land and “lekh” means written record, so Bhulekh simply means land records. These records used to be kept on paper by the village revenue official, often called the patwari. Most states have now digitised them so that anyone can view land details from home.
This work has been driven largely by the Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP). Every state runs its own portal under its own name, which is why you will hear different terms in different places.
What information does Bhulekh show?
The format differs from state to state, but you will usually find:
- Owner (khatedar) name and the father’s or husband’s name
- Khasra, survey or plot number
- Khata or khatauni number
- Area, in hectares, acres, bigha or guntha
- Land type, such as irrigated, non-irrigated or residential
- Crop details (girdawari)
- Mutation (dakhil kharij) history
- In some states, the land map (bhu-naksha)
Common terms
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Khasra / Survey number | The identification number given to each parcel of land |
| Khata / Khatauni | The combined record of all land held by one owner |
| Jamabandi | The register of owners, cultivators and land revenue (common in Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh) |
| Girdawari | The record of which crop was grown in which field |
| Mutation (Dakhil kharij) | Updating the record after a sale, inheritance or partition |
| Naksha / Bhu-naksha | The map of a field or plot |
| Nakal | A certified copy of the record |
How to check Bhulekh online (step by step)
Every state portal looks different, but the process is broadly the same.
- Open the portal. Search for your state’s land record portal and open only the gov.in or nic.in link.
- Select the district. Choose your district from the dropdown.
- Select the tehsil or taluka. Pick the correct tehsil next.
- Select the village. Choose your village or revenue circle.
- Choose how to search. You can search by khasra number, survey number, khata number or owner name. Searching by number is more accurate.
- Enter the captcha. Type the characters shown on the screen.
- View the record. The khatauni or extract opens on screen. Read the details carefully.
- Print or download. Save it as a PDF. This copy is for information only. For legal purposes you need a certified copy issued by the revenue office.
State-wise Bhulekh portals
The table below lists the portal or record name used in some states. Portal addresses change over time, so search by name and open the official link.
| State | Portal / record name |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | UP Bhulekh (khatauni, khasra) |
| Rajasthan | Apna Khata (jamabandi nakal) |
| Madhya Pradesh | MP Bhulekh (khasra, khatauni) |
| Bihar | Bihar Bhumi (jamabandi panji) |
| Maharashtra | Mahabhulekh (7/12 utara, 8A) |
| Gujarat | AnyROR (7/12, 8A) |
| Haryana | Jamabandi portal (jamabandi, nakal) |
| Punjab | Punjab Land Records Society (jamabandi) |
| Karnataka | Bhoomi (RTC, Pahani) |
| Andhra Pradesh | Meebhoomi (Adangal, 1-B) |
| Telangana | Land records portal (Pahani, ROR-1B) |
| West Bengal | Banglar Bhumi (khatian, plot information) |
| Odisha | Bhulekh Odisha (RoR, map) |
| Jharkhand | Jharbhoomi (jamabandi, khata) |
| Chhattisgarh | Bhuiyan (B-1, khasra) |
| Tamil Nadu | Patta Chitta (e-Services) |
Pahani, 7/12 and RTC: what is the difference?
The names differ, but they all refer to the same basic thing: the revenue record of a piece of land. Only the name changes from state to state.
- Pahani: Used in Telangana, Karnataka and in parts of Maharashtra.
- 7/12 utara: Owner and land details in Maharashtra and Gujarat.
- RTC: Record of Rights, Tenancy and Crops in Karnataka.
- Adangal: Crop and possession record in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
To read more about Pahani in detail, see our Pahani Online guide.
What to do if the record has an error
A wrong name, area or survey number is quite common. Follow these steps:
- Take a screenshot or printout of the incorrect entry.
- Gather supporting documents such as the sale deed, mutation order and your ID proof.
- Submit a correction application at the tehsil or revenue office. Many states also allow this online.
- Keep the acknowledgement receipt safe and check the status after a few days.
- If nothing happens, meet the tehsildar or the district revenue officer.
Common problems and fixes
The portal is not opening or is slow
Government portals are usually less busy early in the morning or late at night. Try another browser or an incognito window.
I cannot find my record
Check the village name and its spelling. Try searching by khata number or owner name instead of khasra number. The record may not be digitised yet, in which case contact the tehsil office.
The name or area shown is wrong
Follow the correction process described above.
Captcha or OTP problems
Refresh the captcha and enter it again. Your mobile number should be linked to the record. If the OTP does not arrive, wait a little and try again.
My name has not changed even after mutation
Check the mutation status on the portal and show your receipts and documents at the tehsil office.
Before you buy land
Checking Bhulekh is the first step, not the last. Before buying any land, make sure you also do the following:
- Confirm that the owner name in Bhulekh matches the seller.
- Review the registered sale deed and previous ownership history.
- Get an encumbrance certificate to check for loans or disputes on the land.
- Check the land type and permitted land use.
- Visit the site to verify the boundaries and who is in possession.
- For large transactions, consult a lawyer.
Frequently asked questions
What is Bhulekh?
It is the online form of government land records, showing the owner, khasra number, area and land type.
Is it free to view Bhulekh?
In most states, yes. Some states charge a fee for a certified copy.
Can I check Bhulekh on my phone?
Yes. The portals work in a mobile browser, and some states also have their own apps.
Can I see anyone’s land record on Bhulekh?
Generally yes, since these are public records. You only need the khasra or khata number or the owner’s name.
What if my name is wrong in the record?
Submit a correction application at the tehsil office with supporting documents.
Is Bhulekh final proof of ownership?
No. You should also verify the registered deed and title documents.
Conclusion
Bhulekh has made it far easier to check land records. Open your state’s official portal, search with the correct khasra or khata number, and verify documents and the ground situation before making any major decision.
Disclaimer: This article is for information only. Portal names and processes vary by state and may change. It is not a substitute for legal advice.
